Wednesday, October 7, 2009

Phillis Wheatley

Habibat Oguntade
Ap English III
9/14/09
Phillis Wheatley
With the use of few sentences, Wheatley describes her attitude towards her condition and experience of enslavement, both coming from Africa to America, as well as the people who considered her race negatively. She seems to fall in the nationalism category. Due to the fact that nationalists are very patriotic, they always feel they need to take pride in what belongs to them, if they are ever going to make changes. People like this possess feelings of emotion, and want to be independent. In the poem “On Being Brought from Africa to America”, Wheatley’s theme centers around darkness, which represents, her past, her skin color, and black people as a race. She became educated and was able to read and write at the end of the day. Wheatley voices out her opinion in several ways.
In the beginning of her poem ““On Being Brought from Africa to America”, Wheatley credits her slavery has positive, because it has changed her from being impious to being dedicated to her religion, which is Christianity. “Twas mercy brought me from my pagan land” (line 1). In these quote she personifies mercy, which shows that mercy is of a great significance to her. This is the mercy that has encouraged and showed her how to be religious. Wheatley believed that it was God’s mercy that brought her away from the land that served and worship idols. Her master was able to encourage her to learn how to read and write. Many people value support from others, if they are actually encouraged by others, then they will be inspired to do the best they can. It helped her to be able to express herself on paper, since she has been thought how to read and write.
The poem also focuses on providence and salvation, especially Phillis Wheatley’s conversion to Christianity , as a consequence of surviving the infamous middle passage, from Africa to America. She might have been criticized for defending the slaved trade, as a means of civilizing Africans brought to America. “ Thought my benighted to understand” (line 2). The word benighted means to be overtaken by night or darkness. This shows that she has been in a state of intellectual darkness, therefore, she makes her skin color and her original state of ignorance of Christian religion parallel situations. Despite the fact that various individuals are opposed to slavery, Wheatley still sees it as a positive thing, because she knows how slaves can later benefit, even though it might take a while.
In conclusion, Phillis Wheatley is said to be a slave who actually benefited from being one. Apart from the fact that she learned how to read and write like other white people, she also had the opportunity to change her life around, and become more pious. She moved to the righteous side of life, which would have made her complacent. She did not have to get rid of her nationality and become intimidated by the white people, instead, she did what she had to do with a lot of endurance and became outstandingly successful.


Spontaenous Me

Habibat Oguntade
Ap English III
9//09
Spontaneous Me
With the use of his writing style, Whitman conveys his opinion about nature. He uses imagery to describe the things that fascinate him in nature. He makes use of various things in the environment, that has a certain type of connection to himself, or human beings as a whole. While reading the poem, it might seem capricious to the readers, due to the fact that Whitman maneuvers from one point to another, with the use of different examples and scenarios. This makes readers wonder what Whitman’s main point is, right from the beginning of the poem. On the other hand, if readers continue reading and get an in-depth understanding of the poem, they will be able to realize how Whitman has used nature as a camouflage to conceal his conception of sexuality. He did this in an excellent way, that readers will be able to see that nature has a connection with human sexuality.
Looking at the word “ Spontaneous” it means something that results from a natural impulse or tendency, and due to the fact that Whitman qualifies himself with the word spontaneous, it can be said that is point of view about things, is that most things occur naturally and unpremeditated. In the beginning of the poem, Whitman displays a tone of acknowledgment, by giving some examples of things he appreciates in nature. “ The rich coverlet of the grass, animals and birds, the private untrimm’d bank, the primitive apples, the pebble stones” . These are lots of things that are engulfed by nature, when readers look at these things, they see how significant they are and also start realizing Whitman’s point of view, as to how most things are naturally occurring.
Whitman then moves on to bring up a new idea which can also be connected to his opinion of how things occur unpremeditatedly. After giving an example of few things nature consists of, Whitman then relates the poem to humanity. This might become confusing as the poem suddenly changes from the use of in-human characters to human ones. “The body of my love, the body of the woman I love, the body of the man ……two sleepers at night lying close together as they sleep, one with an arm slanting down across and below the waist of each other”. This quote construes how Whitman tries to convey message that even the sexual desires that occur between human beings, as all been derived from nature. He believes that these sexual desires come unplanned, and they always occur without any anticipations.
In order not to draw readers attention all the way into the whole issue of how sexual desires are derived from nature, Whitman goes back to his in-humane characters and then goes in details to explain them. He incorporates different human and in-human objects and actions together, just to let people understand that most things in life occurs naturally, without being pushed. If readers can pay attention to Whitman’s details, imageries and explanations, maybe it will let them realize his idea of how both Inhuman and human circumstances occur under nature’s control.

The Wiz

Habibat Oguntade
Ap English III
9//09
The Wiz (Importance of Family)
They will always be there whenever you need them. They are ready to give up their most valuable assets for you. When the whole world doesn’t want to be with you, they are ready to spend every moment with you. Who are these people ? Your family. In my opinion, family is very important because they serve as the greatest means of support to you, right from birth till your very lasts days. Also a family consists of people you can always depend on, even though things get rough, there will always be a way out with the support of your family. After watching The Wiz, some significance of family can be seen and well understood.
In the movie, Dorothy was old enough to be self responsible, but she wasn’t as independent as she needed to be. She still depended a lot on her uncle and aunt. Dorothy and her dog Toto had to leave with them, and they satisfied both of them with their daily necessities. Her aunt also gave her various advices concerning how she had to take charge and be responsible for herself. Her aunt also advised her to take another job that will pay her more. Not everyone can get this type of support from others. This shows how the movie emphasizes a lot on the importance of family.
At a certain point in the movie, Dorothy also had a dream, which had a lot to do with team work and support. She ended up developing a relationship with the people she encountered in her dream . Dorothy, the scarecrow, the tin man and the lion. Each and every one of them had one problem or the other, but due to the fact that they couldn’t solve it alone, they amalgamated and, became very close to each other, and therefore seen as a very good means of support. They all became one, even though they were of different natures, and have different believes.
In conclusion, family is very important for individuals, because, they will always be there to take care of you and provide necessary support that will be very valuable for you. The movies was pretty straight forward and interesting.

The Story of an Hour

Habibat Oguntade
AP English
9/29/09
The Story of An hour
In this story, Kate Chopin construes how desires can change the life of an individual completely. Chopin constructs the story in such a way that readers will be able to develop a sympathetic mood towards the main character, who is Mrs. Mallard. Mrs. Mallard is a married woman, who has been deprived of her freedom. She seems to find herself in a problematic matrimonial home Mrs. Mallard lacked the happiness of freedom, but this might not be understood till the very end of the story.
In the beginning Mrs. Mallard is said to be suffering from heart disease, therefore , the news about her husband’s death had to be broken down gently to her sister Josephine and her husband's friend Richards, who bring this news to her, honestly believe that Mrs. Mallard would be very upset to hear it, and that it could make her even more ill. Here readers expect her to be upset and worried about her husband’s death , since she has heart trouble, and it's very possible that sad news can make her feel worse than usual. Yes, "she wept at once, with sudden, wild abandonment" but it's just a first emotional reaction to the news, without deep comprehension of what had happened and how it would change her life.
She comprehends the sad news later on, Chopin shows us little by little how she comes to realize it and what helps her to understand it. She goes to her room, and "there stood, facing the open window, a comfortable, roomy armchair. Into this she sank". Reading these words, the readers suddenly realize that something turns the story to a more positive, reassuring way. What makes us, readers, to think so? Here we see two things, which make us to feel that way "a comfortable, roomy armchair" as a symbol of security and comfort in spite of her husband's death, and "the open window", which here symbolizes connection to the world, and her interpersonal life.
Another paragraph in the story , emphasizes these ideas even more and carries more details and fresh elements of the new, positive turn of the story. Through the open window she can see "the tops of trees that were all aquiver with the new spring life." "The delicious breath of rain was in the air." "countless sparrows were twittering in the eaves" . All these parts of this paragraph show us that Mrs. Mallard gets in touch with life, starts to hear sounds and to smell scents which she didn't feel before. Why? What happened? Does she really start to notice it all only after her husband's death? Yes, and the author gives us even more details, emphasizing it, not yet giving the answer why she starts to feel this way. However, a careful reader understands the deep sense of the words about "patches of blue sky showing here and there through the clouds..." These words didn't appear in the story with no reason. All these details make us to feel the growth of Mrs. Mallard's excitement and make us to understand the sign of the meaning of the blue sky a symbol of freedom and future life.
Mrs. Mallard, "young, with a fair, calm face", is sitting in the armchair with a "dull stare in her eyes", which "indicated a suspension of intelligent thought” . Reading these lines, the readers understand that something is going on in Mrs. Mallard's head; something is changing everything in her mind. What is it? Mrs. Mallard still doesn't realize it, "but she felt it, creeping out of the sky, reaching toward her through the sounds, the scents, the color that filled the air" . We understand, that her soul starts to fill with happiness of freedom; freedom, which is in everything in sounds and beautiful trees around, in blue sky and in songs of the birds.
However, for one moment she gets afraid to allow herself to be happy about her freedom "she was striving to beat it back with her will". This shows us that Mrs. Mallard is a "product" of her time and has to be dependent on society rules. She realizes that society would determine her thoughts of freedom inappropriate, but she can't stop herself to feel that way. A calm soul is necessary for a human being and is more important than society standards. Feeling happy she just proves this thought. However, "she knew that she would weep again when she saw the kind, tender hands folded in death" but it's just a reaction, which society expects her to have. What can compare to "a long procession of years that would belong to her absolutely"! Here the author finally opens a reason why Mrs. Mallard feels this way about her husband's death. "There would be no powerful will bending hers in that blind persistence with which men and women believe they have a right to impose a private will upon a fellow-creature" . These words show the picture of Mrs. Mallard's family life. She was unhappy with her husband; she couldn't have her own opinion and couldn't show her own will, that's why she is happy to be free!
In conclusion, Mrs. Mallard dies "of joy that kills" . These words carry the absolutely opposite meaning, than they read. We understand, that the doctors are wrong, thinking that she dies from happiness of seeing her husband again. She chooses rather to die than to live again under her husband's will, especially after experiencing freedom, even just for one hour. This hour in a comfortable armchair in front of the open window made her feel happy and free, made her to understand the sense of her being, and it was the only real hour of her life.

Learning to Read and Write

Habibat Oguntade
Ap English III
10/07/09
Learning to Read and Write
Frederick Douglass was an African American slave in the United States in the 1800's. He was one of the foremost leaders petitioning against slavery. Douglass publicized his views through writing, reading, and speaking and was always the center of attention. In 1838 he escaped from slavery and spent the rest of his life establishing himself as a public speaker and advocate abolitionist. Douglass set himself apart from other slaves of that time through his numerous accomplishments including learning how to read and write. One of Douglass's primary beliefs was that literacy was power, and with literacy, once will be cognizant and aware of what is going on in the world. This story shows how white slaveholders perpetuate slavery by keeping their slaves ignorant. At the time Douglass was writing, many people believed that slavery was a natural state of being. They believed that blacks were inherently incapable of participating in civil society and should be kept as workers for whites.
This story also explains the strategies and procedures by which whites gain and keep power over blacks from their birth onward. Slave owners keep slaves ignorant of basic facts about themselves. This enforced ignorance robs children of their natural sense of individual identity. As slave children grow older, slave owners prevent them from learning how to read and write, as literacy would give them a sense of self-sufficiency and capability. “ Nothing seemed to make her more angry than to see me with a news paper. She seemed to think that here lay the danger” Slaveholders understand that literacy would lead slaves to question the right of whites to keep slaves. By keeping slaves illiterate, Southern slaveholders maintain control over what the rest of America knows about slavery. Just as slave owners keep men and women as slaves by depriving them of knowledge and education, slaves must seek knowledge and education in order to pursue freedom. By making friends with some boys in the area where he was enslaved , Douglass learns this notion that knowledge must be the way to freedom, as slave owners forbids their wives to teach Douglass how to read and write because education ruins slaves. Douglass sees that they unwittingly revealed the strategy by which whites manage to keep blacks as slaves and by which blacks might free themselves.
Douglass presents his own self-education as the primary means by which he is able to free himself, and as his greatest tool to work for the freedom of all slaves. Though Douglass himself gains his freedom in part by virtue of his self-education, he does not oversimplify this connection. Douglass has no illusions that knowledge automatically renders slaves free. Knowledge helps slaves to articulate the injustice of slavery to themselves and others, and helps them to recognize themselves as men rather than slaves. Rather than provide immediate freedom, this awakened consciousness brings suffering. Once slaves are able to articulate the injustice of slavery, they develop great animosity towards their masters.
Although Douglass had to go through a lot of difficulties, before he could become literate, it can be concluded, that he was very lucky to gain the little he gained at that time, which made him superior over other slaves that remained illiterate. As a representative slave, Douglass’s individual characteristics matter less than the similarity of his circumstances to those of all other slaves. Through this process, certain traits remain constant in young Douglass’s character. Though often isolated and alienated, Douglass remains largely optimistic about his fate and maintains a strong spiritual sense. He is exceptionally resourceful, as demonstrated by his untraditional self education. Finally, Douglass has a strong desire to help others, expressed in part through his commitment to improving the lives of his fellow slaves


Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl

Habibat Oguntade

Ap English III

10/07/09

Incidents in the Life of a slave Girl

In the story Incidents in the life of a slave girl, Harriet Jacobs slavery modulates the lives of various individuals. The most important character in the story happens to be Linda Brent, who encountered various difficulties, as a slave. Jacob construes to story in such a way that readers will be able to get an in-depth understanding of what it takes to be a slave. In the beginning, Linda seemed to be a very happy and comfortable child, since she wasn’t old enough to be cognizant of the fact that she was born into slavery, her world was alright, and she had nothing to worry about. Everything was pretty much convenient, until Linda turned six, and her world began to change.

The first thing she had to deal with was the death of her dearly beloved mother. As a child, Linda couldn’t bear the fact that her mother was no longer with her, and this would have had a negative impact on her in all ways; physically emotionally and mentally. It was also after the death of her mother that she overheard that she was a slave. For a child that was always comfortable and happy, hearing that she was a slave would have made life miserable for her, which would not have been apparent to deal with. Most children of her age still depend on their mother a lot for various things. A mother is not someone pleasant to lose at that age .

Six years later , after overcoming the despondency of her mother’s death, Linda was terrified to find out that her mistress was dead. This lady had been in charge of Linda, ever since the sudden death of her mother. Most slave owners were recognized for being merciless, inconsiderate, and atrocious, but in this case, Linda’s mistress was a very decent and reputable individual. She never made Linda feel like an orphan in any way. She showered Linda, care, love and protection. “ No toilsome or disagreeable duties were imposed on me” . This quotes construes the kind of life Linda lived with her mistress. Usually, all slaves ; man or woman, young or old, always had something to do for their masters or mistresses, but Linda on the order hand seems to have won the heart of her mistress, so everything seemed to be in a good condition, until the death of her mistress.

On the long run, Linda found herself in the custody of a new master and mistress, Dr Flint and his wife. There, her life was miserable, there was no one to care for her, and everything was totally different. She began to feel like a real slave after so many years of comfort. When we entered our new home, we encountered cold looks, cold words, and cold treatment” This quotes depicts the kind of life that commenced for Linda and her brother. Everything about their new home was phlegmatic, which showed that emotions and interests were extinct. Linda was dehumanized by Dr. Flint in all possible ways, he represents the cruelty, callousness, and treachery of the entire slave system. Dr. Flint loves power above all else, and it often seems that forcing Linda to submit to him is more important to him than simply sleeping with her. He is galled and infuriated by her defiance, and he becomes obsessed with the idea of breaking her will. Rather than simply raping her, he persists in his efforts make her acknowledge his mastery. Dr. Flint was Linda’s worst enemy.

In conclusion, the story construes how abhorrent life had been for individuals who experienced slavery. They never had a say of their own, and they always had to abide by all rules and regulations imposed on them by their masters or mistresses. As for Linda, things started off pretty good, until she lost her beloved ones, and had to live as a slave. The narrator displayed ethos creating a tone of sympathy from the middle to the end story, because readers will develop a pity towards Linda and other slaves, after reading. They have all leaved a deplorable life.